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I have one 12 and im debating on getting a small box or a bigger box...

what are the pros and cons of each?

 
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(correct me if im wrong but: ) it all depends on what kind of sub it is... each sub works differently. What sub is it?

 
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its a Rockford Fosgate Punch HX2 RFD2212 Subwoofer

 
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Well DMX, here are the recommended box sizes for your sub...
Sealed box -
Recommended Minimum Volume (Cubic Feet) - .8
Recommended Maximum Volume (Cubic Feet) - 4.0

However, what is your currently sized box, is it ported or sealed? What are your goals? do you want it louder or do you want more SQ and more space in your trunk? How much power are you running currently? What kind of budget are you working with, if any??

 
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the power you have at yoru disposal should be the first consideration. if you have a boatload of power, then you cna get away with a smaller box, as you can still get teh woofer to achieve full excursion.

if you have less power, then you should think abotu making a larger box, which will increase the suspension less than a small box, allowing you to reach full excursion with less power.

yoru secondary consideration should be performance, which is also dependant on tuning. if you build a larger box, chances are, your not going ot be able to turn the crossover as high, the cone will break up real easy. of course with a larger box you wont be able to turn teh gain as high as well...there is a happy medium.

your final consideration (maybe not final) will be frequency response. a larger box will play lower than a smaller box, but it costs you your upper range.

so youve got to balence three schools of thought when plannign out yrou box, and the real bottom line is, your probbaly gonna just have to build a box and see what it sounds like, and maybe consider changes for the next box around....

 
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Those things really only are true for a ported box.
A sealed box is a lot easier to make, as well as smaller. Besides, a smaller box has a lot better SQ for the amount of effort required to design and make it.
Whiterabbit couldn't be more right about the power though. From what I am gathering, your best bet would be to maybe make a sealed enclosure that has net airspace of approx 0.9-1.1 cubic feet, and I would run maybe 800-900 watts RMS to it-Just make sure that you either have something cooling your amp, or you have a damn good amp powering it.
Little box, lots of power, very good mechanical handeling on your sub and pretty decent thermal handeling.
All in all, that would most probably be your best bet.

 
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sealed box -vs- ported box... the age old question, when there really is no correct answer, or perfect application... if there were, then why are almost all competition setups different? if one was better than the other, and if one was louder, or acheived more sq than another, wouldn't they all run the same box? rabbits is correct in his post, build the box that suits your aspirations, budget, and what is feasible, that is the perfect box, what you want, in the application in the manner that you choose... i say let your budget and what you are willing to do and how much time and effort you are willing to put in decide on the type of box

 
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actually, you will find that they are true for a sealed box, and not in fact a ported box. the physics of excursion for a ported box are far different than a sealed box, and factors such as port tune play a HUGE factor in excursion.

however in a sealed box, it is a simple matter of airpressure increasing whatever suspension teh woofer already has. Thus, a smaller sealed box increases powerhandling, lowers low frequency response, and has the potential to massivly improve or destroy sound quality factors such as transient response and transparrancy.

now, since we are talking about an HX2 here, transparrancy and other SQ factors are a non-issue. thus, we can concentrate solley on powerhandling, and frequency response, with a little emphasis on response characteristics such as boomyness and resonance.

powerhandling, boomyness, and frequency response. considerations one, two and three.

however, I would really like to hear abotu how box volume exclusively (because that is all that i discussed in my post) changes response in teh way i described for ported boxes, because in my experience, and in winISD, it didnt turn out that way at all.

so could you elaborate a little bit on your comment abotu ported boxes?