I just had a very similar problem with my '01 Civic. I also had trouble installing my head unit....shorted the +12V power to the radio to ground. I then checked quite a few fuses (finding none to be at fault). The radio didn't work, plus the power locks, dome light, and the don't-leave-your-headlights-on chime were also out of commission when the key was not in ACC position. My troubleshooting via the Haynes manual led me to believe the Multiplex Control Unit was at fault. I had poked around the interior fuse panel for a while before giving this forum a look, to see if anyone could point me to how to troubleshoot that MCU.
It turned out to be the "Back Up" fuse that was blown. My thanks

and appreciation to this thread

for saving me any more headaches trying to solve this problem.